CONCLUSIONS: Although students with elevated schizotypy accessed treatment at higher rates, many remain untreated and report negative attitudes towards help-seeking. While not all students with elevated schizotypy require clinical intervention, these findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to address stigma and improve help-seeking behaviours among college students. This may be especially true for those experiencing distress or impairment associated with schizotypal traits.

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CONCLUSIONS: Veterans' perceived concordance with their providers about GWI seems to be important for patient satisfaction and adherence to care plans. More research with longer-term follow-up is needed to understand how perceived concordance might influence disability levels and the outcome of care plans.

Huntington disease (HD) is a progressive and devastating neurodegenerative disease caused by expansion of a glutamine-coding CAG tract in the huntingtin (HTT) gene above a critical threshold of ~ 35 repeats resulting in expression of mutant HTT (mHTT). A promising treatment approach being tested in clinical trials is HTT lowering, which aims to reduce levels of the mHTT protein. Target engagement of these therapies in the brain are inferred using antibody-based assays that measure mHTT levels in...

CONCLUSIONS: HIV may amplify sex differences in hippocampal volumes, disproportionately affecting females. Higher EPA and DHA levels may mitigate these effects, suggesting a protective role against hippocampal atrophy. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings and explore whether the benefits extend to males with HIV or individuals without HIV.

The contactin-associated protein-like 2 (Cntnap2) gene is relevant to autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which is associated with age-specific structural alterations in limbic brain regions. The Cntnap2 gene encodes for the contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CASPR2) protein, and CASPR2 protein levels are high in the amygdala, a limbic region that is essential for the processing of fear and anxiety. In humans, reduced levels of this protein arising from CNTNAP2 mutations could potentially account...

Women with a history of traumatic experience, particularly adversity encountered during childhood, have an increased risk of developing depression. The authors review the biological mechanisms associating trauma with depression, including the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Additionally, the psychosocial and cultural considerations associating traumatic experience with depression are discussed, and current gaps in knowledge about biological mechanisms, psychosocial factors, and...

Poor sleep is a major concern among individuals with autism and their caregivers. To better characterize the genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity of poor sleep in autism, we recruited 5,686 families from SPARK, a nationwide genetic study of autism, who described their sleep experiences using the Children's Sleep Health Questionnaire (CSHQ) and other self-report items. The collective experiences from this large sample allowed us to discover eight distinct archetypes of sleep in autism. Membership...

BackgroundCurrent functional rating scales are not sensitive to the earliest functional changes in Huntington's disease (HD).ObjectiveThe Functional Rating Scale 2.0 (FuRST 2.0) is a patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure designed to be sensitive to the initial functional changes in HD, specifically stage 2 and mild stage 3, as defined by the Huntington's Disease Integrated Staging System (HD-ISS).MethodsWe followed standard assessment development methodology to create a PRO. Study 1 consisted...

Regular exercise confers numerous physical and mental health benefits, yet individual variability in exercise participation and outcomes is still poorly understood. Uncovering the neurobiological mechanisms governing exercise behavior is essential for promoting physical activity and developing targeted interventions for related disorders. While genetic studies have provided insights, they often cannot account for protein-level alterations, such as changes in kinase activity. Here, we employ...

ObjectiveTo investigate the behavioral outcomes of children with clefts and the psychosocial impact and mental health experiences of their caregivers regarding unintended outcomes of genomic sequencing, that is, secondary genetic findings (SFs).DesignConvergent parallel mixed methods.SettingThe cleft and immunization clinics at the Lagos University Teaching, Hospital, Nigeria.ParticipantsIn total, 127 cases and 158 control caregiver child dyads (quantitative) and 22 caregivers of children with...

Prior cross-sectional studies revealed that multiple chronic conditions (MCC) and polypharmacy are associated with cognitive impairment. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the number of chronic conditions and the number of medications are associated with longitudinal changes in cognition (memory, attention/working memory, semantic ability/language, processing speed, executive function). We analyzed data from 5671 individuals (age 71.4 ± 9.3, 68 % female) from the National...

CONCLUSIONS: Veterans reported interest in coordinated treatment for CP + PTSD; however, the provision of CP + PTSD care provided across different service lines may pose challenges to optimizing care coordination.

Pediatric Long COVID has been associated with a wide variety of symptoms, conditions, and organ systems, but distinct clinical presentations, or subphenotypes, are still being elucidated. In this exploratory analysis, we identified a cohort of pediatric (age <21) patients with evidence of Long COVID and no pre-existing complex chronic conditions using electronic health record data from 38 institutions and used an unsupervised machine learning-based approach to identify subphenotypes. Our method,...

CONCLUSIONS: Fostering COE-coalition partnerships created opportunities to leverage synergies and build capacity for engagement across multiple domains, contributing to enhanced trust and implementation of interventions across the cancer continuum. The findings provide examples and lessons about synergistic opportunities for cancer centers and coalitions to capitalize on. Successful collaborative relationships were based on identifying shared goals and complimentary expertise and roles, sharing...