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Though infidelity's causes and consequences are widely discussed, the decision-making processes, especially among women, has been largely neglected in the academic literature. This study aims to address this gap by examining the infidelity decision-making process of emerging adult women. Using a constructivist grounded theory approach, we analyzed in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 22 women who had engaged in infidelity while in committed heterosexual relationships. In contrast with more...

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CONCLUSIONS: Greater connectivity between subcortical threat centers involved in fear processing, memory, and extinction learning characterizes the resting state in PTSD. Future directions include investigating how different interventions, such as brain stimulation, neurofeedback, and psychotherapy, might modulate the aberrant neural networks in PTSD.

Microtubule-affinity regulating kinase 2 (MARK2) is a conserved serine/threonine kinase that plays a critical role in microtubule dynamics and neuronal polarity. Rare MARK2 variants have recently been reported in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and neurodevelopmental delay (NDD) [1-3], and here we expand the number of affected individuals, including a familial case. Despite these clinical findings, the functional significance and underlying mechanisms of patient-derived variants...

Prenatal stress affects offspring development. The placenta, an important maternal-fetal mediator, is susceptible to prenatal stress, and its biology affects fetal neurodevelopment, particularly ventral forebrain. Ventral forebrain developmental disruption is linked to neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Currently, multiple mouse models are used to study these links. However, each model may induce unique...

The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) provides a dimensional framework for connecting psychological disorders to neural systems/processes. We examined how neurophysiological measures of cognitive-attentional (oddball P300) and perceptual-emotional processing (fear-face N170/P200) relate to dimensions of the HiTOP externalizing spectrum. Employing 666 community participants, we fit a model in which antagonistic externalizing and substance problems subfactors, defined via symptom...

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The same dataset can be analysed in different justifiable ways to answer the same research question, potentially challenging the robustness of empirical science^(1-3). In this crowd initiative, we investigated the degree to which research findings in the social and behavioural sciences are contingent on analysts' choices. We examined a stratified random sample of 100 studies published between 2009 and 2018, in which, for one claim per study, at least five reanalysts independently reanalysed the...

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that NBCP is an effective regulatory tool for improving nursing home deficiencies and reducing incidents of abuse-related violations. We need more research to assess if background check programs improve nursing home quality using resident-level outcomes.

Body perception, including the perception of body size, plays an important role in shaping cognitive and motivational processes. Variations in body size have been linked to differences in reward processing, involving neural systems underlying appetite, motivation, and behavioral control. Furthermore, rapid changes in body size have been associated with modulation of reward-related neural responses and changes in food-related motivation. Interestingly, the Full Body Illusion (FBI) has been...

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is an FDA-cleared treatment for depression, yet how cortical stimulation influences single neurons in deep brain circuits remains unknown. Using intracranial microelectrode recordings in four neurosurgical patients, we resolved single-neuron spikes as early as 8 ms from 185 single neurons after single-pulse left dlPFC TMS. TMS elicited time-locked firing responses in 46% of neurons across deep cortical and...

Latin America is undergoing rapid population aging alongside a rising burden of dementia. While the region holds substantial potential for dementia risk reduction, challenges remain, such as delayed diagnoses, limited access to specialized care and biomarker testing, persistent stigma, and deep-rooted structural inequities. To address these gaps and foster regionally informed solutions, the Alzheimer's Association convened the 2025 Alzheimer's Association International Conference (AAIC)...

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CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight the importance of partner substance use in etiological models of alcohol use, emotional health outcomes, and relationship quality.