CONCLUSIONS: Steroids administered during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection did not lead to a decreased risk of PASC, with the exception of gastrointestinal presentations. Additional studies are needed to confirm the benefit of steroids and other immunomodulators in preventing long COVID.

CONCLUSIONS: Rural Veterans with SMI use VHA mental health care less than their urban counterparts. Given that VHA offers Veterans robust, specialized mental health services for SMI, research urgently needs to identify effective strategies for addressing barriers rural Veterans with SMI might face in using VHA-delivered mental health care.

The gut microbiota-brain axis constitutes a dynamic, bidirectional communication network that integrates neural, endocrine, immune, and metabolic pathways to regulate host physiology and behavior. Accumulating evidence indicates that disturbances within this axis have been consistently associated with metabolic, autoimmune, and neuropsychiatric disorders; however, much of the current evidence, particularly from human studies, remains largely correlative, and causal relationships are still under...

CONCLUSION: IaoSH and IbrSH amounted to almost 15% and showed specific clinic characteristics. Only IaoSH was significantly associated with LVH. Outcome-driven randomized controlled trials are needed to further investigate their clinical relevance.

CONCLUSION: Black women with ovarian cancer are significantly less likely to receive a recommendation for curative surgery than White women, even after adjusting for clinical and sociodemographic factors. These findings underscore the need for systemic interventions to promote equity in oncologic care.

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that early life stress confers vulnerability to migraine, simultaneously impacting behavior and brain network activity responses to peripheral CGRP.

This study examined the association between perceived stress and mental/physical health (SF-12) and the moderating role of positive and negative religious coping using data (n = 5,059) from three cohorts (the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (n = 585), Nurses' Health Study II (n = 3,882), and The Strong Heart Study (n = 592)) which included Hispanic/Latino, non-Hispanic White, and American Indian individuals in the USA. By incorporating cohorts representing historically...

CONCLUSIONS: Change in priorities was the primary driver of student attrition, followed by mental health. Factors confounded with mental health included negative research experiences and struggles with academic performance. Dual degree program leadership stated firm commitment to improving mental health and wellness as requested by students, and suggested a focus on screening for appropriate student expectations for a research focused career.

CONCLUSIONS: CARSS Phase 2 demonstrates the feasibility of integrating responsive quota monitoring, multi-step weighting, and AI-assisted qualitative probing into a scalable, multi-state surveillance framework for cannabis-impaired driving research and related public health.

CONCLUSION: Establishing a flexible, evolving set of rural health research competencies, grounded in both academic rigor and community-embedded expertise, can strengthen the rural health research workforce, inform training and mentorship, and advance equitable healthcare for rural Veterans and rural populations more broadly.

CONCLUSIONS: Despite its apparent effects on phasic autonomic activity after errors, atomoxetine had no effect on conscious error detection in healthy older adults. This suggests that phasic autonomic activity is a consequence, rather than a contributing factor, to conscious error awareness. It also suggests that changes to phasic autonomic activity is unlikely to explain increased error blindness in older age.

Tobacco smoking is critical risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality, with epigenetics implicated as a key biological mechanism. Smoking disproportionately impacts CVD risk in women; however, limited research has examined smoking-associated DNA methylation (DNAm) changes in women. We measure whole blood DNAm (EPICv2) and self-reported smoking (three-category, pack-years, and years since cessation) via questionnaires in 6,005 Women's Health Initiative Memory Study participants....

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Modern psychiatric treatment often necessitates polypharmacy, yet combination regimens carry significant risks of metabolic burden and drug-drug interactions. There is growing interest in and clinical acceptance of rational, mechanism-based drug combinations that are designed around desirable pharmacological properties rather than trial and error. The repurposing of D-cycloserine (DCS) is an example of this shift. An analog of d-alanine, DCS was originally developed as an antibiotic but failed...

Women progress from initial cocaine use to cocaine use disorder more rapidly than men, possibly reflecting cocaine-induced impairments in decision-making. Human gambling task (GT) studies investigating the effects of cocaine use have shown inconsistent findings, with many excluding female participants. We hypothesised that cocaine exposure may affect decision-making in males and females differently. To this end, male and female C57BL/6JRj mice were injected with cocaine or saline for 21 days....